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Original Tribal Names of Native North American People

We've been asked for a list of the original names (in their own languages) of Indian tribes and nations so many times now, that I'm simply starting a chart of them for everyone's use. Please note that this chart is not complete--we have included only the names of North American nations (not of every band or village within a nation), and only those nations whose original names are known. For a more complete listing of tribal names (without the etymology) see Native American tribes. With the exception of Cree and Cherokee, American Indian languages do not have their own writing systems, so the names must be written using English characters. I have not even tried to include every spelling variation this causes (for example, some Anishinaabe people spell the word Anishinabe, or Anishnaabe, or use the plural Anishinaabeg, or spell that Anishinabeg or Anishinabek or...) You can find out more information by clicking on the links we provide, this page is just a place to quickly see what the names are in the original languages of this continent. Comments and additions are welcome!

Original Tribal Name In The People's Own Language

Tribal Names Today, And Their Origins

A'aninin ("white clay people")

Gros Ventre (French word for "big belly," unclear why the French called them this.)

Abenaki ("dawn people," or easterners), also Alnombak ("the people")

Abenaki

Absaroke ("bird people")

Crow (English, from their tribal name)

Alabama ("cleared thicket")

Alabama

Anishinaabe ("original people")

Today the Anishinaabe have two tribes: Ojibway/Ojibwe/Chippewa (Algonquian Indian for "puckered," referring to their moccasin style) and Algonquin (origin uncertain.)

Aniyunwiya ("principal people")

Cherokee/Tsalagi (from a Muskogee Indian word for "speakers of another language.")

Asakiwaki ("yellow earth people")

Sauk, from tribal name.

Attikamekw ("whitefish people")

Attikamekw, also Tête-de-Boule (French word for "ball head," unclear why the French called them this.)

Baxoje/Pahoja ("gray snow")

Ioway (from a word in their language meaning "sleepy," unclear how this came to be a tribal name.)